Sunday, September 6, 2015

Sataf

Today we Took a hike through the hills near our own Tzova, Across the region known as Sataf by many Cultures and Generations. The word "Sataf" may refer to the practice of boring a hole into the dates That grow in the region, in order for them to ripen at the same time and save the farmers days of labor. As we walked across dusty hills and switchbacks, we could see hills like the one we stood on going on in every direction. It's an interesting break from American history, where every place we stand on has had different purposes in every era. A century ago my house was a field, but here in Judea, these hills have been used for the same purpose for thousands of years: terraced agriculture. Its premise is making flat spaces on an otherwise sloped area, such as a mountain or valley. Large rocks are moved to create vertical walls, and earth is cleared out to make small flatlands where trees, grains and vines can grow. Terrace farming is dependent on irrigated crops, relying on a high source of water That flows down the hill. Other crops relying on "Ba'al agriculture" (after the Canaanite god of rain, Ba'al) grow during the rainy winter season. If the rain did not come, pagans of the region would pray to Ba'al and often make sacrifices in an effort to appease him. Because Canaanites already had established civilizations on the flat plains, tending the hills became a necessity for survival in order to avoid conflict with strong armies (riding iron chariots). Many of the practices of terrace farming we borrowed from the other people of the hills, who we lived alongside with. This settling of the hills completes the top of the Jewish Triad, making this Eretz Yisrael.

The most interesting part of the walk for me was our foray into the water source. We climbed through a small doorway hewn out of the rock, walked along the passageway until we reached a large hollow, where the water flowed across the entire floor. We turned out the lights and sung hinei-matov to celebrate the occasion, before climbing back out. We suspect that there were several snakes writhing in the walls. 

Coming out of After the cave we made our way to a small clearing, where we Performed skits of the Book of Judges. The stories became progressively more gruesome with time, as our heroes became more occupied with pursuits of pleasure than of virtue. For instance, early in Judges, Deborah's only goal was to triumph over the Canaanites led by Sisera to free the Jewish people. Later, however, in the story of Samson, the same was more concerned with whoring and killing Gazites than being a poetic hero of virtue. As time progresses and the cycle of error, enslavement and salvation repeats, it spirals downward, every situation more dire than the last. This is evident in their respective after stories. Deborah is said to have lived after her story, while Samson dies in the temple of idol worshippers. Although the skit were not executed perfectly, they still illustrated well the importance of learning from our mistakes. As we repeat our history of error, the consequences of our actions become more violent.

I felt that the most interesting component of the walk was the story of the Jews living alongside idol worshippers and sometimes adopting their ways. Polytheism is very clearly prohibited in Judaism, but it still is possible to live alongside those whose practices we do not agree with. That being said, what is the most problematic aspect of polytheism and idolatry? And in modern times, how does this idea of ​​living alongside others reflect on the modern state of Israel, particularly between the Jews and Palestinians?

Seth in a Tree. Photo Credits to Max Lenett

16 comments:

  1. Polytheism and idolatry is not necessarily problematic, as they were the predominant forms of religious expression since the Neolithic Age. For a people who struggled to understand the world around them, a deity for every force of nature made sense. And at a later time, when the early Israelites were attempting to understand their world, as a growing nation constantly under duress, it was difficult to accept an all powerful single god when every society around them seemed to have a much more logical system. So in a sense, the most problematic aspect of polytheism was that it just wasn't the Israelite mentality. However, Jews today, especially reform Jews stand for inclusion and pluralism. The size and nature of Israel tend to push Jews and Palestinians together, but it's in this area that we have experienced modern struggles with pluralism. While there are extreme groups who don't accept that the two parties can coexist, many are attempting to find peaceful ways to intermingle and live together. To truly solve the problem of acceptance of the other cultures around us, there needs to be a continual effort among the groups that can see and believe in peaceful coexistence.

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  2. I would agree with Jacob with saying that there is not necessarily a "problem" with polytheism, rather it is just a different set of views. While I personally do not believe in the several different gods, I accept that there are other religions and cultures around the world that do.
    The relations between Palestinians and Jews is a topic that means a lot to me personally. Over spring break this year, my ultimate frisbee team hosted teens from an Israeli organization called Ultimate Peace. This program all roots from a summer camp where Palestinians and Israelis get together for a few weeks and bond over the mutual love of ultimate frisbee. It really inspired me and made me extremely aware that Jews and Palestinians not only are able to live together in peace, but that the gradual change might spark from this generation. The teens I met and became friends with recognize that their families have different views, but also recognize that they can move past these differences in opinions and become friends. With the help of teens like these ones, there is at least a glimmer of hope for the future of Palestinians and Jews.

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  3. I agree with what was stated before with the idea that there was nothing wrong with polytheism, everyone has their different viewpoints, and every culture has branched off from one another and has developed different religions. There are multiple stories in which the Jews are laughed at or thought strange because of their being monotheistic. The same goes for idolatry, these worshippers aren't doing anything wrong, in their mind. With this in mind, you can apply this to the Israeli Palestinian conflict. Neither believe that they are doing anything wrong, and neither will admit that they are wrong because of that. Another thing that it can say is that historically the Jews have absorbed pieces of other nations culture into their own, be it religious or otherwise. Whether this could apply to the Palestinian culture is up for debate, there is evidence of this happening in the past.

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  4. I, too, agree that there really isn't anything wrong with polytheism. The only problem, in my opinion, that could occur is people performing human sacrifices, but those acts could just as well be performed in a monotheistic religion as shown by the Jews in our history who strayed from how the Jews are supposed to worship the Lord. The question of how Jews, who practice a monotheistic religion and how the predominantly Muslim Palestine live side by side doesn't connect to the question of how monotheistic and polytheistic religions live side by side. The real conflict is between who has control over the Israel/Palestine area. The biggest reason that they hate each other's specific religion is because of the actions inflicted by each other unto each other over the years. They don't hate each other only because of the differentiating beliefs. The issues go on much further than that.

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  5. I for one, feel there is a major problem with polytheism. in my opinion Worshiping a God, or a greater spirit than humans is extremely sacred, and within each religion the attention should be turned towards only one God. Polytheism could create an imbalance between Gods and i think it is important to devote your prayer to only one God, for a most successful outcome. However, i will say that i am Fascinated by the modern state of Israel and how so many different religions can live along side each other. It is frustrating to know that there is so much conflict between the people of Israel, solely because of a difference of religions. I do think that we have come a far way from ancient biblical times in terms of "getting along", but i feel that major work needs to still be done in order to keep and maintain the peace of Israel for all of its inhabitants.

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  6. I think the most problematic aspect with polytheism and idolatry to the ancient Jewish culture was that they had to resist the temptations to take part in the many different cultures and beliefs that were all around them. Today, I don't think that polytheism or idolatry is a problem to the Jews because of our many differences in traditions and beliefs. I personally don't have a problem with religions that do believe in polytheism or idolatry because it part of their own traditions and beliefs that have been around for many generations. As for the issues between the Israelis and the Palestinians, I feel that both cultures need to be open to solving the long-lasting problems that they have faced over the years. It is interesting to think that conflicts can develop just because of differences of opinions on particular topics. Hopefully in the near future, both sides can come to an agreement to end all hostilities and coexist peacefully.

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  7. I don't think that there is a problem with polytheism and idolatry. I would agree that it is an issue if someone who identifies as Jewish practices idolatry. However, I know that there are many other religions all over the world that practice polytheism and just as I would not berate them for not following the rules of my religion just as I would hope they would do the same. I think this relates to modern times in a couple ways. First of all, I think that the city of Jerusalem relates to my belief. There are several quarters in the old city, the Jewish, Armenian, Christian, and Muslim. For the most part they all get along, living side by side. The only time that I see problems in this situation is with the extremists, of any religion. These people believe that the way they do things is the only way to do things. This state of mind can be harmful, as one can see with the Israeli Palestinian conflict.

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  8. For this, I feel like the most problematic part of polytheism was how prominent it was around the Israelites. Since there were so many other polytheistic cultures around I feel like the pressure and difference weakened their resolve as Jews. The Tanach did say that the judges over time in quality decreased. I believe this was driven by the outside influences as well as their own desire for pleasure rather than to lead the Jewish people. Overall though, the mix of these two brought about long years of punishment and oppression for our people.

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  9. I think that there isn’t anything particularly problematic with polytheism and idolatry. I personally don’t agree with it, but that’s because I am Jewish. Just because I don’t agree with the views of polytheism, that doesn’t mean that I believe that there is a problem with it. In the sense of modern times, I think that this is part of the issue between the Jews and Palestinians. Not everyone in either party is as open-minded as many people. I think that if we were all more open-minded and accepting of each others differences without ridiculing each other we would be so much better off. Just because Jews don’t totally agree with the Palestinians, doesn’t mean that the Palestinians are wrong. This also works the other way. Palestinians disagreeing with Jewish views shouldn’t mean that the Jews are wrong.

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  10. I believe the problem with polytheism, at least for ancient Jews, was the threat of greater "results" than were being delivered by our God at any given time. Canaanites praying to Ba'al directly before seeing rain pour was likely discouraging to ancient Israelites, and this coincidence was very problematic in that it made people question their faith.
    Although it is discouraging in a completely different way, modern relations with the Palestinians can also make people question their faith. While this relationship between the two situations is a stretch, the prospects of finding a two-state solution sometimes seem as hopeless as the idea of Ba'al being the source of rain. While it is important to strive for peace, relationships with other states are difficult, just as they have been throughout history.

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  11. The Bible can be used to establish God’s existence, show that He is infinite. But there cannot be two infinite beings. Therefore, both the God of the bible and the God of rational theism are one and the same Being. Further, the God of theism has been shown by good reason to actually exist. Hence, the God described in the Bible actually exists. The burden of this argument rests on the premise that it is impossible to have two infinite beings. To argue that there are two infinite beings is life claiming there are two alls. But there can only be one all. It is like claiming there are two supremes, when it is obvious that only one Being can be supreme. Or more precisely, infinite means without limits. If there are two beings, then one is limited by the other in some way. But an infinite cannot be limited by another, since it is unlimited by its very nature. Hence, there can be only one infinite, limitless, Being.

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  12. Agreeing with everyone else, there isnt a direct problem with polytheism but inside the religion I could understand questioning over "what god do I pray to for what issue?". These questions together bring up a question to me, why is it a conflict between Jews and Muslims? We share history and even the same "G-D" and the idea of One G-D. I understand that the issue may be over the land but why dont we have a problem with today with Hinduism or Doaism? The idea against polytheism in our Tanakh is very clearly there and we dont acknowledge it. Just some food for thought.

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  13. I do not believe there is a true problem with polytheism or idolatry; but just religion in and of itself. There are many religions in the world today that have idols and/ or multiple gods and are still peaceful and make good people. However with that said, in ancient times when idolatry and polytheism were most commonly practiced throughout the world, they were fantastically horrible problems. Many people would sacrifice animals, do horrible things to one another, or even sacrificing a person to the god they believe to be best. And as horrible as this may sound, when it is the most common events happening around you, you will probably most definitely give in. It's the norm. When it comes to the Palestinians and the Israelis, it seems as if there will always be conflicts. And with the cruelty of recent events in Israel, I believe it has proven that one does not need idolatry or polytheism to do a treacherous act; but rather have a god they can perform the act for, or in his/ her/ its name.

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  14. In my opinion, Judaism is very centered around the idea that God created the Earth and our people and we should forever be thankful for that. For as far back as it goes, from the very beginning of the Tanach, they made it very obvious it was only one God. The thought that polytheism can stem from a religion that's so monotheistic all the way from the beginning is why it's so frowned-upon in Judaism. It's almost going against what we as Jews make a point to believe. As a people, we're confident in what we believe in and obviously think that what we believe is what's right, and so it makes it hard to almost look down on religions who don't have the same views. When it's hard understanding the other side, it's hard to avoid conflict.

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  15. In my opinion i believe polytheism is an sinful idea. the thought that theres more then one gods and each has its own domain sounds pretty complicated to me. When we needed rain we turned to ba' al and then when we were done with the rain we turned our back on that god and praised other gods. another idea is that its an imbalance the idea that one god can have so much power and the other can be like a spirit of the sand is kinda sad. It makes sense to praise one god and he may reward us with all he has to offer. Finally i thought it was good food for thought when you said we live side by side with others that have different a belief system. By living along side other people since the beginning we have learned tolerance and we were still able to practice our religion regardless of who's our neighbor.

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  16. Excellent post Noah! You raised some interesting questions at the end which led to a fascinating discussion.
    Kitat Arava, I loved reading all your thoughtful comments. Regarding the Palestinian - Israeli conflict, it really is much more than a religious conflict. Of course there are those extremists on both sides who claim to fight in the name of religion, but the conflict actually is much more complex and has much more to do with national identity. We will spend lots of time later on discussing this matter. In the meantime, you guys seem to have a great approach: optimistic but also realistic.

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